Specific muscle movements

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Muscle	Location	Action
Triangularis	Corners of the lower lip extends over the chin	Draws down the mouth’s corners
Temporalis	Round and behind ear running down side of face towards jaw	Raises and lowers jaw when chewing
Frontalis	Across the forehead	Wrinkles the forehead and raises eyebrows creating a surprised expression
Zygomaticus	Runs down cheek to corner of mouth	Pulls the corners of mouth upwards and sideways
Corrugator	Inner corners of the eyebrows	Draws eyebrows together as in frowning
Orbicularis occuli	Surrounds the orbit of the eye	Closes and opens the eye as in winking and blinking
Orbicularis oris	A sphincter muscle surrounding the mouth	Closes and opens the mouth
Buccinator	Forms the main muscle of the cheek	Compresses the cheeks as in blowing
Risorius	Corner of the mouth above Buccinator muscle	Pulls the corner of the mouth upwards and sideways as in grinning
Masseter	Runs at an angle down the face from the cheek bone to the jaw	Lifts, lowers and closes the jaw aiding mastication by exerting pressure on teeth
Depressor labii	Surrounds the lower lip	Depresses the lower lip and draws it down slightly on one side
Platysma	Front and side of the neck, down to collar bones	Depresses lower jaw and lip wrinkling skin tissue on neck
Mentalis	Situated on the chin	Raises the lower lip causing chin to wrinkle
Nasalis	Covers the front of the nose	Closes and opens the nasal openings
Procerus	Covers the bridge of the nose	Wrinkles the skin over the bridge of the nose

Muscles that move the head

Muscle	Location	Action
Sternocleido-mastoid	Either side of the neck	Individually rotates the head to one side together pulls the chin onto the chest
Trapezius	Across upper back, neck and shoulders	Raises the shoulder to the ear. Pulls the head backwards.
Occipitalis	Back of the head	Moves the scalp

AP-Muscles of face powerpoint

Muscles of the upper body

Muscle

Location

Action

Deltoid

Caps the top of the shoulder; is a three headed muscle

Brings the arm forward

Takes the arm backwards and sideways

Pectoralis major

Front of the chest

Moves the arm away from the side of the body

Muscles of the torso

Muscle	Location	Action	Origin	Insertion
Trapezius	Posterior surface of upper back and neck	Lifts clavicle Shrugs shoulders Raises and rotates shoulders	Thoracic and cervical vertebrae	Clavicle and scapula
Deltoid	Caps the shoulder	Abducts clavicle draws the arm back and forwards	Clavicle, scapula of spine	Shaft of humerus on lateral side, below head
Triceps	Posterior surface of upper arm	Extends the forearm	Scapula and humerus	Olecranon of ulna
Biceps	Anterior surface of upper arm	Flexes the forearm	Scapula	Tuberosity of radius
External obliques	Extends laterally down the side and front of the abdomen	Acting together compress abdomen acting alone twist the trunk turning abdomen to opposite side	Lower eight ribs	Linea alba and iliac crest of pelvis
Rectus abdominus	Anterior surface of abdomen entire length	Flexes the spine	Pubic bone of pelvis	5^th, 6^th and 7^th costal cartilages
Quadriceps comprises of 4 muscles	Anterior surface of thigh	Extends the thigh at knee (rectus femoris also flexes at hip)	Femur (rectus femoris – pelvis)	Patella and tibia
Hamstrings comprised of 3 muscles	Posterior surface of thigh	Flexes the leg at knee extends the thigh	Ischium of pelvis	Head of fibula and lateral condyle for tibia
Gluteals muscle group Comprised of Gluteus maximus, Medius and minimus	Posterior surface of the buttocks	Maximus Extends and rotates thigh laterally Medius and minimus abducts and rotates thigh medially	Illium of pelvis sacrum and coccyx	Femur
Adductors	On medial side of thigh	Adduct, rotate and flex thigh at hip	Pubis of pelvis	Shaft of femur
Abductors	Crosses top of thigh below buttocks	Rotates the thigh laterally and abducts it	Sacrum	Greater trochanter of femur